{"id":464,"date":"2026-07-14T08:55:35","date_gmt":"2026-07-14T08:55:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vvilla.yetinc.ch\/conditions-treated\/knee-pathologies\/"},"modified":"2026-08-17T13:18:23","modified_gmt":"2026-08-17T13:18:23","slug":"knee-pathologies","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/vvilla.yetinc.ch\/en\/conditions-treated\/knee-pathologies\/","title":{"rendered":"Knee Pathologies"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Knee Pathologies<\/h1>\n

The knee joint is one of the most complex and important joints in the human body. It primarily allows for the flexion and extension of the leg, playing a crucial role in mobility and stability. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

\u2022<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Knee Pathologies Treated by Dr. Villa<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Knee prosthetics, joint-preserving surgery, prosthesis revision<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, Anterolateral ligament (ALL) rupture<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Knee cartilage lesions, orthobiologic treatments, and
joint-preserving surgery<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Meniscal lesions<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Patellar instability<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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\u2022<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Common Pathologies<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Osteoarthritis<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Degradation of articular cartilage, leading to pain and stiffness.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Tendonitis<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Inflammation of the tendons, often caused by overuse<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Ligament Injuries<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Sprains or ruptures of the ligaments, such as ACL or PCL tears.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Meniscal Injuries<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Tears of the menisci, which can result from twisting movements or excessive stress.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Bursitis<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n
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Inflammation of the bursae, small fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction between tendons and bones.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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\u2022<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Anatomy of the Knee Joint<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

Constituent Bones<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

Femur<\/strong><\/p>\n

The thigh bone, which forms the upper part of the joint.<\/p>\n

Tibia<\/strong><\/p>\n

The main bone of the lower leg, which forms the lower part of the joint.<\/p>\n

Patella (Kneecap)<\/strong><\/p>\n

A small bone located at the front of the knee joint, embedded within the quadriceps tendon, which protects the joint and improves the efficiency of the quadriceps muscle.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

Cartilage<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

Hyaline Cartilage<\/strong><\/p>\n

A smooth and resilient tissue that covers the ends of the femur and tibia as well as the posterior surface of the patella. It allows the bones to glide easily against each other and absorbs shocks. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

Ligaments<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

Medial meniscus and lateral meniscus<\/strong>
Two crescent-shaped structures located between the femur and the tibia. They act as shock absorbers, distributing loads and stabilizing the joint.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

Menisci<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)<\/strong><\/p>\n

A smooth and resilient tissue that covers the ends of the femur and tibia as well as the posterior surface of the patella. It allows the bones to glide easily against each other and absorbs shocks. <\/p>\n

Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Also located in the center, it prevents the tibia from sliding too far backward relative to the femur.<\/p>\n

Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Located on the inside of the knee, it prevents the knee from bending inward.<\/p>\n

Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Located on the outside of the knee, it prevents the knee from bending outward.<\/p>\n

Anterolateral Ligament (ALL)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Located on the lateral side of the knee, it extends from the lateral part of the femur to the anterolateral part of the tibia. It plays an important role in stabilizing the internal rotation of the tibia and preventing rotational instability. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n

Tendons<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

Quadriceps tendon<\/strong><\/p>\n

Connects the quadriceps muscle to the patella.<\/p>\n

Patellar tendon<\/strong><\/p>\n

Connects the patella to the tibia.<\/p>\n

Muscles<\/strong><\/p>\n

The main muscles involved in the movement and stability of the knee include the quadriceps at the front of the thigh, the hamstrings at the back, and the calf muscles.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Capsule<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

Joint Capsule<\/strong><\/p>\n

A fibrous envelope that surrounds the joint, providing additional protection and stability.<\/p>\n

Synovial membrane<\/strong>
Lines the joint capsule and produces synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and reduces friction.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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\u2022<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Functions of the Knee Joint<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n
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Movement<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

The knee joint primarily allows for two types of movement<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Extension<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Straightening the leg forward<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Flexion<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

Bending the leg backward<\/span><\/p>\n

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Stability<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

The surrounding ligaments and muscles ensure the stability of the joint, allowing it to support body weight and perform complex movements such as walking, running, jumping, and changing direction.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

Extension<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

Straightening the leg forward<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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Shock Absorption<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n

Articular cartilage and the menisci play a crucial role in absorbing shocks and distributing loads during daily and sporting activities.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n

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\u2022<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":399,"parent":375,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-464","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nKnee Pathologies - Dr. Vincent Villa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The knee joint is one of the most complex and important joints in the human body. 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